The early declassification of the 23-F archives did not serve the government’s disruptive purposes, always aimed at reviving the memory of Francoism. The currently available material does not contain any substantial information that would change the knowledge about the structure of the coup.
Aside from some details of interest to historians, there are no calado disclosures which fixes the chronology or causes of the attack on Congress.
In this sense, the opening of the archives did not contribute to undermining the prestige of the monastery or to questioning the issue of the Transition.
In fact, it is the most important thing declassification did not reveal a single index that threatened the implementation of Juan Carlos I. On the contrary, the character is solidified as the main actor who articulated the piece.
The documents confirm that the monarch abandoned the clear form of the coup plotters in order to secure the loyalty of the captains-general. And there are five indisputable aspects that will close the door on the revisionist theories that some sectors have tried to keep alive for decades.
First, the paper confirms that their coup plotters saw Rey as blackmail.
In their internal analysis after the incident, the people involved complained that there was a “dejar al Libre” error. For plot clues, Juan Carlos I became “a target to beat and ring”.
This is the most convincing: nadie convierte en objetivo militar a quien consider su aliado.
Equally telling is the confirmation of Zarzuela’s veto Alfonso Armada: docs reflect the version I always replace Sabino Fernandez Campo.
The palace physically prevented General Armada from entering the compound on the night of 23 February 1981 to avoid the possibility of using the king’s figure as a shield for his own political maneuvering.
The signature of the monarch’s personal messages is also a question.
In direct contact with the insurgents Bosch MilansThe king quickly asked her, “This is what I must do once.” Juan Carlos I ordered the ayer to be defective Antonio Tejero deprived of his position and advirtió of his firm determination to preserve constitutional order and not to surrender the crown.
Declassified documents exchanged within CESID also apply Rey’s televised speech was like “jarro de agua fría” among the intelligence men who subsequently disclosed the documents were not only actively involved in the plot until they conducted follow-up leads to go on record.
Además, un informe interior del Ministerio del Interior de la época, titulado Campaign against SM el Rey in relation to 23-FI realized that the sounds regarding the implication of the monarch take care of the foundation. The document attributed these points to a strategy of extreme neglect and to the coup supporters to “destroy the monarchy as a democratic institution”.
Those attacks, which claimed the king knew the plan to consolidate himself as “the savior of democracy”, were definitively dismissed today.
All these elements they definitively reject those who suspect the king’s paper This is called a “hard coup”. This does not preclude ensuring that certain sectors of society are retained by firms in their predetermined rights.
However, if the documents reveal the monarch’s involvement in the violent attack, they remain silent in light of the “mild coup” Alfonso Armada.
The chronology is undisputed: Rey reunited with the Armada on February 13, just one day before the general left for Milans del Bosch in Valencia. At that point, the general transferred them to a monarch who did not seek a classical military dictate, until a “coup de timón” from within the system.
The plan was to resolve the crisis and propose a government of national unity, chaired by the same man and composed of politicians across the parliamentary spectrum. It is in this gray zone, where the political ambitions of the Armada mix with its intention to convince the king of the need for a change of rumble, from where the following declassification is insufficient.
The new archives confirm what you knew: that the King attacked Congress in 1981. Surprisingly, this opening of the document did not bring any substance to the Armada action, which remains a permanent shadow of the Transition.
We all knew about the frustrated coup that took place, but we watch without knowing anything about the coup that failed.
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